Dietary Energy Density for the Close-Up Dry Cow – Postpartum Performance

The transition period for dairy cows is generally defined as the time period from three weeks prior to parturition through three weeks after parturition. It is now recognized that defining and meeting the nutritional requirements of the transition dairy cow can greatly impact animal health, production in the ensuing lactation, overall longevity, and animal well-being (NRC, 2001). Nutrition and management during the transition period are essential in determining the profitability of the cow for the rest of her lactation. An inadequate transition program may result in cows having inconsistent feed intakes after calving, and metabolic diseases during the transition into lactation. Inadequate nutrients provided to the transition cow can result in increased costs for veterinary treatment and loss of production potential. Problems during the transition period often result in the loss of 10 to 20 lbs of peak milk, which translates into economic losses up to $600 for that lactation. To maximize productivity and ensure successful reproduction, rations fed during this time need to be nutrient dense and allow for proper transitioning of the diet to the lactating cow ration. Maximizing prepartum and postpartum dry matter intake is an important key to successful transition cow management.