Migration within the frontier: the second generation colonists in the Ecuadorian Amazon
نویسندگان
چکیده
Since the 1970s, in-migration has driven a growing human presence and dramatic changes in the physical landscape of the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon frontier, including massive deforestation. Over time, a second phenomenon has emerged with the children of the original migrants often leaving the settler farms of their parents to set out on their own. The vast majority stay in the Amazon region, some contributing to further changes in land use through rural-rural migration and the others to early urbanization. This paper uses longitudinal and multi-scale data on settler colonists in this region between 1990 and 1999 to analyze rural-rural and rural-urban migration among second-generation colonists. After describing the migrants and settlers in terms of their characteristics and those of their households and communities, a multinomial discrete-time hazard model is used to estimate the determinants of out-migration of the second generation settlers to both urban and rural areas. We find significant differences in migrants to the two types of destinations in personal characteristics, human capital endowments, stage of farm household life cycle, migration networks, and access to community resources and infrastructure. The paper also identifies the effects of policy-relevant factors on migrants’ choice of rural versus urban destinations.
منابع مشابه
Migration Within the Frontier: The Second Generation Colonization in the Ecuadorian Amazon.
Since the 1970s, migration to the Amazon has led to a growing human presence and resulting dramatic changes in the physical landscape of the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon frontier, including considerable deforestation. Over time, a second demographic phenomenon has emerged with the children of the original migrants leaving settler farms to set out on their own. The vast majority have remained in t...
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