Terse Integer Linear Programs for Boolean Optimization

We present a new polyhedral approach to nonlinear Boolean optimization. Compared to other methods, it produces much smaller integer programming models, making it more efficient from a practical point of view. We mainly obtain this by two different ideas: first, we do not require the objective function to be in any normal form. The transformation into a normal form usually leads to the introduction of many additional variables or constraints. Second, we reduce the problem to the degree-two case in a very efficient way, by slightly extending the dimension of the original variable space. The resulting model turns out to be closely related to the maximum cut problem; we show that the corresponding polytope is a face of a suitable cut polytope in most cases. In particular, our separation problem reduces to the one for the maximum cut problem. In practice, the approach appears to be very competitive for unconstrained Boolean optimization problems. First experimental results, which have been obtained for some particularly hard instances of the Max-SAT Evaluation 2007, show that our very general implementation can outperform even special-purpose Max-SAT solvers. The software is accessible online under “we.logoptimize.it”.