Cognit 1 Vescience 1918
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Single gene reassortants identify a critical role for PB1, HA, and NA in the high virulence of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus.
The 1918 influenza pandemic was exceptionally severe, resulting in the death of up to 50 million people worldwide. Here, we show which virus genes contributed to the replication and virulence of the 1918 influenza virus. Recombinant viruses, in which genes of the 1918 virus were replaced with genes from a contemporary human H1N1 influenza virus, A/Texas/36/91 (Tx/91), were generated. The exchan...
متن کاملCharacterization of the non - coding regions of the 1 1918 influenza A H 1 N 1 virus
28 The terminal non-coding region (NCR) sequences of the eight gene segments of the influenza 29 A/Brevig Mission/1/1918 (H1N1) virus were determined by rapid amplification of cDNA ends 30 (RACE). Chimeric viruses encoding the open reading frames of the 1918 virus but flanked by 31 either the wild-type 1918 NCR sequences, or the NCR sequences of two other H1N1 virus 32 strains, A/WSN/1933 and A...
متن کاملCharacterization of the 1918 "Spanish" influenza virus neuraminidase gene.
The "Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918 was characterized by exceptionally high mortality, especially among young adults. The surface proteins of influenza viruses, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, play important roles in virulence, host specificity, and the human immune response. The complete coding sequence of hemagglutinin was reported last year. This laboratory has now determined the compl...
متن کاملOrigin and evolution of the 1918 "Spanish" influenza virus hemagglutinin gene.
The "Spanish" influenza pandemic killed over 20 million people in 1918 and 1919, making it the worst infectious pandemic in history. Here, we report the complete sequence of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the 1918 virus. Influenza RNA for the analysis was isolated from a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue sample prepared during the autopsy of a victim of the influenza pandemic in 191...
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This art icle discusses three theories and approaches in the f ield of counselling that have the potent ial to advance understanding of counselling processes. One, developed within educat ional psychology and f irst published in 1983, is Gardner’s theory of mult iple intelligences (MI) (Gardner, 1983, 2006). Gardner argued against a one-dimensional view of intelligence, in favour of a pluralist...
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