A Study of Psoriasis Histopathological Analysis of Lesional and Perilesional Skin Biopsy

Psoriasis is defined as a common, genetically determined, inflammatory and proliferative disease of skin, the most characteristic lesions consisting of chronic, sharply demarcated, dull-red, scaly plaques, particularly on the extensor prominences and in the scalp. The prevalence of Psoriasis in Western Europe and Scandinavia is between about 1.5 and 3%. The low prevalence of Psoriasis in oriental people is now well-recognized. It is commoner in Indians than in Chinese or Malays. Female tend to develop Psoriasis earlier than males. This study ware undertaken to characterize histopathological features of the lesional and perilesional skin in the psoriatic skin biopsy and to evaluate the epidermal and dermal changes in psoriasis this is a prospective analytical study at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad for a period of 24months and total 100 cases formed the study group. Punch / Incisional biopsies were obtained from lesional and perilesional skin, routine processing done and H & E stain is used for staining. Itching and scaly, erythomatous plaque is most common clinical presentation. Age incidence – 8-70yrs and M: F ratio was 1.6: 1. Chronic plaque psoriasis is the most common variant. Lesional epidermal changes were acanthosis with parakeratosis with regular elongations and thickening in lower portion of rete ridges. Micromunro abscess in 39% and Kogoj abscess in 23% of cases. Perilesionally epidermal changes – mild acanthosis, parakeratosis, dilated dermal capillaries, mild dermal edema, and perivascular mononuclear infiltration was noticed most of the cases.