The benefits of pelvic floor muscle training in people with multiple sclerosis and lower urinary tract dysfunction

The aim of this study was to determine whether pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training (PFMT) improves lower urinary tract function in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Thirty-seven subjects (11 males and 26 females) with a definite diagnosis of MS were recruited from neurological outpatient departments and MS charities throughout Northern Ireland. The participants received individualized PFMT combined with electromyography (EMG) biofeedback for 9 weeks. These individuals served as the control group in a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on bladder dysfunction in people with MS. The outcome measures included: digital and EMG biofeedback assessment of the PFMs; the number of leakage episodes (bladder diary); the amount of leakage (pad test); uroflowmetry; the International Prostate Symptom Score; and a Visual Analogue Scale relating to the problems associated with the symptoms. The results of the RCT demonstrated that improvement in the strength and endurance of these muscles was possible, and a significant reduction in symptoms was evident. A 9-week PFMT programme improved the function of the PFMs, reduced the symptoms associated with lower urinary tract dysfunction and increased quality of life in people with MS.