Lipid profile in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients attending University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri-Nigeria.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease, and accounts for 50% of all deaths in them. Dyslipidaemia does not only accelerate atherosclerosis in these patients but also progresses the renal disease. This study therefore set to investigate the pattern of lipid profile in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. METHODS This was case control study of 63 pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients attending University of Maiduguri teaching Hospital and 60 control subjects. All factors that may lead to dyslipidaemia were excluded in all subjects except hypertension. Lipid profiles were measured by standard methods. Data were analyzed using a statistical software SPSS version 11.0. Their observed differences in mean-SEM values were analyzed for statistical significance using Student's t-test andp-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS the mean+SEM of total cholesterol 4.50+0.14 mmol/L and triglycerides 2.18+0.10 mmol/L in patients were significantly higher than that of the controls 3.79+0.11 mmol/L and 1.19+0.06 mmol/L respectively, p<0.05. Similarly the mean+SEM of LDL 2.62+0.16 mmol/L and LDL/HDL ratio 3.53+0.12 in patients were significantly higher when compared to that of the controls 2.04+0.16 mmol/L and 2.04+0.08 respectively, p<0.05. However, although the mean+SEM HDL in patient 1.07+0.07 mmol/L, was lower than that of the controls 1.21+0.06 mmol/L, the difference was not statistically significant, p>0.05. The pattern of lipid profile did not change with severity of disease and dyslipidaemia in patients were more in triglycerides, 68.3% and HDL, 63.5% than in TC, 22.2% and LDL, 17.5%. CONCLUSION Dyslipidaemia is common in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. It is pertinent to investigate and treat dyslipidaemia early in the course of the disease as it may prevent further progression of the renal damage.