The addition of external water to fresh grass does not affect dry matter intake, feeding behaviour and rumen characteristics in dairy cows

نویسندگان

  • José Israel CABRERA
  • Rémy DELAGARDE
  • Philippe FAVERDIN
  • Jean-Louis PEYRAUD
چکیده

Fresh grass is often a fodder of high nutritive value for ruminants, but its intake is limited in spite of its high digestibility. The high water content of fresh grass could limit grass DM intake by cows. The effect of external water on intake, feeding behaviour and rumen fill was studied in dairy cows fed indoors with fresh perennial ryegrass offered ad libitum. Three treatments were compared: fresh grass as harvested (C: control); C with water added to the grass (SW: surface water) and C with perfusion of water in the rumen after each distribution (PW: perfused water). Grass was offered to cows at 14:00 h, 19:00 h on each day and 07:00 h the following morning. Free access was given to drinking water. In treatment SW, the DM content of the offered grass was reduced from 161 to 117 g·kg on a fresh basis (P < 0.02) without changing the chemical composition of the grass on a DM basis. Compared to C and PW, the fresh matter intake and its rate of intake increased in SW (+ 36 and 39%, respectively), but the grass DM intake (16.4 kg DM·day), the rate of DM intake (35.3 g DM·min), the daily eating time (468 min) and rumination time (515 min) were not modified. Perfusion of water into the rumen did not affect intake or feeding behaviour. The weight of the rumen contents (150 kg) and their DM content (115 g·kg fresh matter), rumen fluid osmolality, as well as proportions of free water and bound water and turnover rate were not modified by the treatments. In conclusion, for dairy cows fed on grass, important inputs of external water do not affect feeding behaviour, rumen fill nor grass DM intake. dairy cows / fresh grass / surface water / intake / behaviour / rumen fill Résumé — L’addition d’eau externe à l’herbe verte n’affecte pas la quantité de matière sèche ingérée, le comportement alimentaire ou les caractéristiques du rumen chez la vache laitière. L’herbe fraîche est un aliment de bonne valeur alimentaire pour les ruminants mais son ingestion par les vaches laitières reste limitée au regard de sa digestibilité. La forte teneur en eau de l’herbe fraîche pourrait limiter la quantité ingérée de MS d’herbe. L’effet de l’eau externe à la plante sur l’ingestion, 3 Anim. Res. 52 (2003) 3–16  INRA, EDP Sciences, 2003 DOI: 10.1051/animres:2003004 * Correspondence and reprints Tel.: 33 (0)2 23 48 50 82; fax: 33 (0)2 23 48 51 01; e-mail: [email protected] le comportement alimentaire et l’encombrement ruminal a été étudié sur des vaches laitières nourries à l’auge avec du ray-grass anglais distribué ad libitum. Trois traitements ont été comparés : herbe verte témoin, fauchée une fois par jour (C) ; C plus de l’eau ajoutée sur l’herbe (SW) et C plus perfusion d’eau dans le rumen après chaque distribution (PW). La distribution d’herbe a été faite à 14:00 h, 19:00 h et 07:00 h le lendemain matin. L’eau de boisson était en accès libre. Dans le traitement SW, la teneur en MS de l’herbe offerte a été réduite de 161 à 117 g·kg brut (P < 0,02) sans changer la composition chimique de l’herbe. Par rapport à C et PW, la quantité brute ingérée d’herbe et la vitesse d’ingestion en brut ont fortement augmenté (respectivement + 36 et 39 %), mais la quantité de MS d’herbe ingérée (16,4 kg MS·j), la vitesse d’ingestion de MS (35,3 g MS·min) et les durées journalières d’ingestion (468 min) et de rumination (515 min) n’ont pas été modifiées. Perfuser l’eau dans le rumen n’a affecté ni l’ingestion ni le comportement alimentaire. Le poids total du contenu du rumen (150 kg), la teneur en MS du contenu (115 g·kg), l’osmolarité du liquide ruminal, la proportion d’eau libre et d’eau liée ainsi que le taux de renouvellement des liquides n’ont pas été modifiés par les traitements. En conclusion, pour des vaches en production nourries à l’herbe, un apport même important d’eau externe ne constitue pas de limite à la prise alimentaire, ni à l’encombrement dans le rumen, et n’affecte pas la quantité de MS d’herbe ingérée. vache laitière / herbe verte / eau externe / ingestion / comportement alimentaire / encombrement

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تاریخ انتشار 2003