Platelet AMP deaminase. Regulation by Mg-ATP2- and inorganic phosphate and inhibition by the transition state analog coformycin.

Kinetic studies with platelet AMP deaminase, at pH 7.0 and 100 mM NaC1, gave cooperative initial velocity curves with AMP as substrate, with Mg-ATP2- as an activator, and with Pi as an inhibitor. In the absence of Mg-ATP2-, the s0.5 for AMP was 4.5 mM with a Hill coefficient approaching 2.0. In the presence of saturating Mg-ATP2-, the s0.5 for AMP was reduced to 0.18 mM, the maximum velocity was increased by about 35%, and the Hill coefficient was 1.0. The half-activation constant for Mg-ATP2- varied from 0.7 to 0.07 mM as the concentration of AMP was varied from 0.1 to 5.0 mM and the Hill coefficient for Mg-ATP activation changed from 2.0 to 1.0 over the same range. Phosphate inhibition was competitive with AMP and with Mg-ATP2- (Ki = 2.0 mM) and reversed the activation by Mg-ATP2-. Coformycin inhibited the Mg-ATP-activated enzyme with a Ki less than 0.25 microM. Coformycin inhibition was slow, with a second order rate constant of 6.0 X 10(4) M-1 min-1, suggesting that the compound acts as a transition state analog according to Frieden, C., Kurz, L. C., and Gilbert, H. R. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 5303-5309. The kinetic properties of the enzyme indicate that substantial regulation can occur through changes in AMP concentration acting synergistically to enhance Mg-ATP2- binding and displace Pi from a single type of regulatory site.