Infant Developmental Milestones and Subsequent Cognitive Function

نویسندگان

  • Graham K Murray
  • Peter B Jones
  • Diana Kuh
  • Marcus Richards
چکیده

OBJECTIVE Developmental delay is associated with a subsequent diagnosis of learning disability. However, the relationship between the age of reaching infant developmental milestones and later intellectual function within the general population remains unresolved. We hypothesized that earlier attainment of developmental milestones would be associated with better subsequent intellectual performance throughout the range of abilities, rather than confined to extremes. METHODS Developmental data were obtained at age 2 years in the National Survey of Health and Development, a representative sample of 5,362 children born in the United Kingdom in 1946. Data on intellectual function and educational attainment at ages 8, 26, and 53 years were also obtained. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the effect of age of reaching developmental milestones on subsequent cognition and educational attainment. RESULTS The age of reaching developmental milestones was associated with intellectual performance at ages 8, 26, and 53 years; for every month earlier a child learned to stand, there was, on average, a gain of one half of one intelligence quotient point at age 8. Speech development had a small but statistically significant effect on subsequent educational attainment (later developers were less likely to progress beyond basic education); this effect was not apparent for motor development. Effect sizes were reduced when the slowest developers were excluded, but many effects remained significant. INTERPRETATION The association between later development and poorer subsequent intellectual function is small, but it does have theoretical implications; we suggest it is secondary to suboptimal cortical-subcortical connectivity.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

EARLY DEVELOPMENT AND ADULT COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA AND THE GENERAL POPULATION— A LONGITUDINAL PERSPECTIVE Tiivistelmä suomeksi

Many adults with schizophrenia have cognitive deficits, and many children who go on to develop schizophrenia as adults have subtle sub-clinical signs of early developmental deviance. However, the relationship between early markers of neurodevelopment and later neurocognition remains unclear. The present thesis principally investigates infant neurodevelopment, adolescent scholastic function and ...

متن کامل

Improvement in Growth and Developmental Milestones with Nutritional Intervention in Methylmalonic Acidemia: A Case Report

Introduction: methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a metabolic disorder and especial nutritional support has an important role in improvement of growth and development in these patients. Case presentation: A 3-month old female infant with known MMA was admitted to emergency department of Dr Sheikh Children Hospital with primary diagnosis of pneumonia and sepsis .This patient was a full term baby; MM...

متن کامل

Infant growth and development.

“Infant” is derived from the Latin word, “infans,” meaning “unable to speak.” Thus, many define infancy as the period from birth to approximately 2 years of age, when language begins to flourish. It is an exciting period of “firsts”—first smile, first successful grasp, first evidence of separation anxiety, first word, first step, first sentence. The infant is a dynamic, ever-changing being who ...

متن کامل

Delayed developmental language milestones in children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.

OBJECTIVES To document the attainment of developmental milestones in children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to determine whether early delays are associated with later performance on measures of cognition. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective parental report was utilized to document the acquisition of 10 common developmental milestones in children with DMD (n = 130) and their unaffected ...

متن کامل

Comparison of developmental milestone attainment in early treated HIV-infected infants versus HIV-unexposed infants: a prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Infant HIV infection is associated with delayed milestone attainment. The extent to which effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevents these delays is not well defined. METHODS Ages at attainment of milestones were compared between HIV-infected (initiated ART by age <5 months), and HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) infants. Kaplan Meier analyses were used to estimate and compare (l...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 62  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007