Retractions: Guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

they receive inconclusive evidence of • research or publication misconduct by the authors there is evidence that the findings are • unreliable but the authors’ institution will not investigate the case they believe that an investigation • into alleged misconduct related to the publication either has not been, or would not be, fair and impartial or conclusive an investigation is underway but a • judgement will not be available for a considerable time