Citrulline increases cholesterol efflux from macrophages in vitro and ex vivo via ATP-binding cassette transporters

National Cholesterol Awareness Month Article Proteasomal Inhibition Promotes ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ABCG1 Expression and Cholesterol Efflux From Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

ATP-binding cassette transporters G1 and G4 mediate cellular cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoproteins.

The mechanisms responsible for the inverse relationship between plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are poorly understood. The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates efflux of cellular cholesterol to lipid-poor apolipoproteins but not to HDL particles that constitute the bulk of plasma HDL. We show that two ABC transporters of un...

Adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 is a potential novel atherogenic factor involved in macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and inflammation.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma1 (PPARgamma1) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha) play pivotal roles in macrophage cholesterol homeostasis and inflammation, key biological processes in atherogenesis. Herein we identify adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) as a transcriptional repressor that impedes macrophage cholesterol efflux, promoting foam cell formation, via PPAR...

Coffee consumption enhances high-density lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol efflux in macrophages.

RATIONALE Association of habitual coffee consumption with coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality has not been established. We hypothesized that coffee may enhance reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) as the antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). OBJECTIVE This study was to investigate whether the phenolic acids of coffee and coffee regulates RCT from macrophages ...

Liver X receptors and atherosclerosis: it is not all cholesterol.

A critical event in the development of atherosclerosis is the recruitment of macrophages to the underlying epithelial layer of blood vessel walls and the uncontrolled uptake of oxi-dized/modified cholesterol. Continued accumulation of oxi-dized/modified cholesterol by macrophages and an associated inflammatory response leads to foam cell formation and the initiation of atherosclerosis. 1 Revers...