Heart, Aorta and Aortic Valve Development and Cardiovascular Malformations
نویسنده
چکیده
In vertebrates, the heart is the first organ to develop and takes shape during the third week of embryogenesis. The earliest evidence of a heart structure can be identified beginning from day 15 of pregnancy. Stem cells in the anterior–lateral mesoderm become specific cardiac precursor cells and align in a horseshoe shape. In the third week of pregnancy these heart precursor cells that are previously arranged in bilateral symmetrical manner move medially to unite and form a single primitive heart tube. This straight heart tube consists of an inner cell layer (endocardium), an outer cell layer (myocardium), and the extracellular matrix (ECM) separating the other two layers also known as the heart jelly.
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