Interrupted inferior vena cava syndrome.

Heterotaxy syndrome and interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos continuation

Heterotaxy syndrome or situs ambiguous is a rare congenital disease in which the pattern of anatomical organization of the thoraco-abdominal visceral and vascular structures is not arranged in normal position. Patients with heterotaxy syndrome represent a wide range of anatomical variations including thoraco-abdominal structures. Here we report a rare case of asymptomatic heterotaxy syndrome in...

Unique venocaval anomalies: case of duplicate superior vena cava and interrupted inferior vena cava.

Venocaval anomalies are uncommon in the general population and often go unrecognized, but physicians should be aware of their significance. Duplicate superior vena cava should be identified during cardiac imaging, surgery, and catheter insertions. While interrupted inferior vena cava can predispose to thrombus formation, they protect against pulmonary embolism from lower extremity deep vein thr...

A man with dilated superficial abdominal veins.

Background: The clinical presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) varies tremendously depending upon the type of lymphoma and the areas of involvement. NHL can rarely present as an abdominal mass compressing the inferior vena cava. The clinical presentation due to obstruction of inferior vena cava has often been called the inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS). It can present acutely or chronica...

Azygos continuation of interrupted inferior vena cava in association with sick sinus syndrome.

Various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of the right side of the heart and the systemic venous system have increased the need for ready access to the inferior vena cava (IVC) through the transfemoral route. Anatomical variations or obstruction of the IVC can make these procedures difficult. The case of 47 year old woman with an interrupted infrahepatic IVC with azygos continuation accompa...

Massive pulmonary embolism in a patient with polysplenia syndrome and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygous continuation