Surface roughness of stainless-steel mirrors for focusing soft x rays.

نویسندگان

  • Valeriy V Yashchuk
  • Eric M Gullikson
  • Malcolm R Howells
  • Steve C Irick
  • Alastair A MacDowell
  • Wayne R McKinney
  • Farhad Salmassi
  • Tony Warwick
  • James P Metz
  • Thomas W Tonnessen
چکیده

We have used polished stainless steel as a mirror substrate to provide focusing of soft x rays in grazing-incidence reflection. The critical issue of the quality of the steel surface, polished and coated with gold, is discussed in detail. A comparison is made to a polished, gold-coated, electroless nickel surface, which provides a smoother finish. We used the surface height distributions, measured with an interferometric microscope and complemented by atomic-force microscope measurements, to compute power spectral densities and then to evaluate the surface roughness. The effects of roughness in reducing the specular reflectivity were verified by soft-x-ray measurements.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Applied optics

دوره 45 20  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2006