Effects of the blood parasite Leucocytozoon simondi on growth rates of anatid ducklings

نویسندگان

  • Dave Shutler
  • C. Davison
  • Adele Mullie
چکیده

The blood parasite Leucocytozoon simondi is often associated with heavy mortality of ducks and geese, especially domestic ones, in North America. In contrast, in a previous study we found no mortality from L. simondi in our wild stock of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and American black duck (Anas rubripes) ducklings. However, because parasites can slow growth, which could extend the interval during which ducklings are susceptible to predators, we tested for parasite effects on growth rates. We analysed growth rates over the first 20 days of life, based on tarsus length, culmen, bill width, body mass, and a principal component of structural size. Growth rates of infected ducklings were not lower than those of uninfected ducklings. Similarly, more intense infections did not have a greater effect on growth rates. Hence, growth rates were not negatively affected by L. simondi, which suggests that effects of this parasite on wild duck populations have been overestimated. Résumé : L’hématozoaire Leucocytozoon simondi est souvent associé à un taux de mortalité élevé des canards et des oies en Amérique du Nord, surtout chez les variétés domestiques. En revanche, au cours d’une étude antérieure, nous n’avons pas observé de mortalité causée par L. simondi chez nos stocks sauvages de canetons du Canard colvert (Anas platyrhynchos) et du Canard noir (Anas rubripes). Cependant, étant donné que les parasites peuvent ralentir la croissance, ce qui a pour effet d’étirer la période au cours de laquelle les canetons sont sujets à la prédation, nous avons examiné les effets des parasites sur les taux de croissance. Nous avons analysé les taux de croissance au cours des 20 premiers jours de la vie par mesure de la longueur du tarse, du culmen, de la largeur du bec, de la masse totale et d’une composante principale de la taille structurale. Les taux de croissance n’étaient pas plus faibles chez les canetons parasités que chez les canetons sains. De même, les infections graves n’avaient pas plus d’effets sur les taux de croissance que les infections bénignes. Donc, les taux de croissance ne sont pas affectés négativement par la présence de L. simondi, ce qui laisse à penser que les effets de ce parasite sur les populations de canards sauvages ont été surestimés dans le passé. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Shutler et al. 1578

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تاریخ انتشار 1999