Expression pattern of transcription factors during zygotic genome activation in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos produced in vitro
نویسندگان
چکیده
Following fertilization, the early embryo is transcriptionally silent and early development is directed by the complement of maternally-inherited mRNAs and proteins. At some point, however, a maternal to embryonic transition occurs, in which further development is directed by the zygotic transcripts. So to determine this transition stage, the quantitative expression pattern of HMGN-2 and CREB genes involved in transcription activation, and two other genes, EHMT-1 and EHMT-2, involved in epigenetic modification were evaluated in different embryonic stages with and without different concentration of α-amanitin. The results of the present study showed that the mRNA transcripts of EHMT-1, EHMT-2, HMGN-2 and CREB were present in immature, in vitro-matured oocytes, and in embryos at 2-, 4-, 8to 16-cell, morula and blastocyst stages. However, all these four genes showed very low levels around the 8to 16-cell stage, and their levels increased by at least 80% at the blastocyst stage compared to those initially found in immature GV or in vitro matured oocytes, which indicates that the zygotic genome activation occurs at 8-16 cells stage in in vitro produced buffalo embryo.
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