The 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami: What Happened and Why
نویسندگان
چکیده
The geologic causes of this event can be traced back over 120 million years ago, when the southern supercontinent of Gondwanaland broke up. The subcontinent of India separated from Antarctica and started its steady motion northward. 50 million years ago it collided with Asia, raising the Himalayas and forming the Tibetan plateau. The plate collision continues today as the Indian plate moves northward, forcing pieces of China and southeast Asia eastward.
منابع مشابه
Observation of vertical electron density profile in inospheric E-layer during Indian-Ocean earthquake on December 2004 using CHAMP satellite
This paper describes the observation and analysis of vertical electron density before major earthquake above the Sumatra-Malaysia region during Indian Ocean major earthquake in 2004 in Aceh, Sumatra. The electron density profile in E-layer of ionosphere a few days before earthquake and a few hours after earthquake have been observed using the data from the CHAMP satellite. The data obtained fro...
متن کاملImplications of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake on Tsunami Forecast and Assessment Models for Great Subduction-Zone Earthquakes
Results from different tsunami forecasting and hazard assessment models are compared with observed tsunami wave heights from the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Forecast models are based on initial earthquake information and are used to estimate tsunami wave heights during propagation. An empirical forecast relationship based only on seismic moment provides a close estimate to the observ...
متن کاملSurface Effects of the 2004 Indonesian Earthquake and Tsunami from SAR data
On December 26, 2004, at 00:58 GMT a Mw 9.0 earthquake took place in the Indian Ocean, offshore the West coast of Sumatra, at a depth of about 30 km. This earthquake is one of the largest events of the last 100 years, comparable only to the Chile 1960 and Alaska 1964 ones. The earthquake originates in the subduction zone of the Indian and Burma plates, moving at a relative velocity of 6 cm/year...
متن کاملFar-field tsunami hazard from mega-thrust earthquakes in the Indian Ocean
S U M M A R Y We evaluate far-field tsunami hazard in the Indian Ocean Basin based on hydrodynamic simulations of ten case studies of possible mega earthquakes at the major seismic zones surrounding the basin. They represent worst-case scenarios of seismic rupture along the full extent of seismogenic faults having supported large earthquakes in the historical record. In a series of numerical ex...
متن کاملAn analysis of 2004 Sumatra earthquake fault plane mechanisms and Indian Ocean tsunami
The 2004 Sumatra earthquake and the associated tsunamis are one of the most devastating natural disasters in the last century. Several fault plane models have been suggested to represent the rupture mechanism of the earthquake. During this tsunami event, two satellites flew over Bay of Bengal and provided measurements for sea surface elevation with accuracy better than 4.2 cm. The satellite dat...
متن کامل