De l'espace contracté à l'espace chiffonné. Apports de l'animation à la cartographie en relief des distances-temps modifiées par les réseaux de transport rapides

The aim of a time-space relief cartography is to produce a coherent representation of distances along a network composed of transport modes, and characterised by different speeds. As example of the “simple distances shown on a complex map” domain, the readability of this type of representation can be strongly enhanced by the use of animation techniques. A fly-by of the three-dimensional structure gives access to new perspectives, thus potentially reduces the cognitive load to read the map. Animation enables to go a step further. The fly-by animation increases the legibility of the distance relief placed above the city plane, which would be difficult to represent in a static 2D map. The animation facilitates the analogy between time-space relief and the terrestrial relief: time-space mountains highlight the locations that are poorly linked together by the transport network. MOTS-CLÉS : Cartographie des distances, espace-temps, réseaux, TGV, 3D, animation, sémiologie graphique.