Ensuring Data Provenance with Package Watermarking

The last decade has shown tremendous growth data production from different sectors, e.g., biology, financial markets, scientific computing, business processes, Internet of Things. The “Data is New Oil” has become a proverb in academic and corporate circles. Accordingly, tracing, recording origin and deriving data called data provenance has gained tremendous traction across board. Privacy and security of data are major challenges to provenance management. This can be tackled using watermarking. The downside of majority of existing watermarking techniques is data distortion. In this work, we purpose a novel approach called package watermarking that addresses the data capacity, usability, robustness, security, distortion, verifiability, and detectability issues in data provenance. Keywords—Data security; Provenance; Watermarking; Tempering; Cryptography; Encryption; Decryption