Detecting subtle changes in sperm membranes in veterinary andrology.

Thanks to the increasing use of flow cytometry in research in veterinary spermatology, many new membrane integrity assays have been developed over the past decade. These assays are important because of their superior ability to forecast fertility when compared with other tests, such as sperm motility. This major component of the sperm quality assessment has generated new investigations with the aim of developing tests that can detect membrane damage in a very early state. Using phospholipid transposition tests, early changes in membrane permeability and fluidity can be assessed in a large number of spermatozoa using fluorescent probes in combination with flow cytometry.