Multimodal Observation and Measurement of Larynx Height and State during Pharyngeal Sounds

Multiple imaging modalities are used to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on laryngeal height and state during pharyngeal consonant production. Videofluoroscopy provides insight into the relative changes in pharyngeal and epilaryngeal lumina, allowing us to compare the roles these structures play in epilaryngeal constriction. Simultaneous laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound allow us to compare the image data of larynx/glottal state directly with quantification of larynx height using optical flow. The data reveal timing relationships between tongue retraction, aryepiglottic constriction, and larynx raising in the formation of pharyngeal stops and fricative trills.