Longstanding Hypoparathyroidism in a Fifty-Two-Year-Old Woman Misdiagnosed as Spondyloarthropathy

INTRODUCTION Hypoparathyroidism might cause various musculoskeletal findings, resembling Spondyloarthropathies. CASE PRESENTATION We described a 52-year-old woman, diagnosed as a case of undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy for ten years, who was unresponsive to classic anti-inflammatory therapies. She developed anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and had elevated muscle enzymes during the course of disease. On a routine checkup, marked hypocalcemia and suppressed parathyroid hormone levels were found. Calcium and calcitriol therapy led to clinical and laboratory improvement. CONCLUSIONS This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing rheumatic manifestations of hypoparathyroidism to preclude unnecessary treatments. Serum calcium should be included in the diagnostic workup of these patients.