A landscape model (LEEMATH) to evaluate effects of management impacts on timber and wildlife habitat

Managing forest resources for sustainability requires the successful integration of economic and ecological goals. To attain such integration, land managers need decision support tools that incorporate science, land-use strategies, and policy options to assess resources sustainabil i ty at large scales. Landscape Evaluation of Effects of Management Activit ies on Timber and Habitat (LEEMATH) is a tool for evaluating alternative management strategies from both economic and ecological perspectives. The current version of LEEMATH emphasizes timber production and wildlife habitat in industrial forest landscapes. LEEMATH provides a framework upon which various models can be integrated. It is generic because i t is designed to model s tand growth, habitat a t t r ibute, and habitat sui tabi l i ty as they exist generally throughout the American Southeast . I t is dynamic because i t examines effects of management strategies on t imber production and habitat quali ty over t ime, especial ly the balance between habitat loss and regrowth at the landscape scale. It is spatially explicit because i t evaluates landscape configuration for i ts effects on habitat in terms of adjacency requirements and dispersal potential. It is heuristic because it simulates the dynamics of forest stands under different management scenarios and allows land managers to ask ‘WHAT-IF’ questions to explore management alternatives and their possible effects over time. In this paper, we discuss how to integrate different models into a decision-support system, and how to evaluate habitat sui tabil i ty at the landscape level . We also discuss the gaps in our knowledge of landscape habitat assessment and the l imitat ions of LEEMATH. * Corresponding author. Tel.: + 1-843-7274271; fax: + 1-843-7274152. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Li) 0168-1699/00/$ see front matter Published by Elsevier Science B.V PII: SOl68-1699(00)00088-O 264 H. Li et al. /Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 27 (2000) 263?292 Finally, we apply LEEMATH to a forested landscape on the coastal plain of South Carolina, USA, to demonstrate its usefulness in management planning with multiple interests. We show the effects of two management regimes on timber production, habitat attribute dynamics, and habitat quality of three target wildlife species at both the stand and the landscape scales. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.