Implementing ‘ Awakened Need of Change ’ for Applying Ergonomics to Work System with Macroergonomics Approach in an Industrially Developing Country and its Meta - Reflection

Introduction The significant role of macroergonomics and important subsystems In the 90s’ decade, the interest in ergonomics issues in a wide sense grew in enterprise level, as a result of an increasing awareness of the importance of those matters for corporate core values such as productivity, quality and an inevitable change process [1]. Hendrick is attributed macroergonomics with the formalization of Organizational Design and Management (ODAM) in ergonomics [2]. For many years now (since the early 1980s), ODAM factors become an accepted field of research for ergonomics. For this reason that (‘Historical Development of Macroergonomics’ by Hendrick): Macroergonomics is a top-down sociotechnical system approach to the design of work systems and the application of the overall work-system design of the human–job, human–machine, and human–software interfaces [2,3]. It is the formalization of attention to ODAM factors in ergonomics [4]. Macroergonomics is based on, the sociotechnical systems framework, which dates back to English coal mine studies performed, by Trist and Bamforth of the London Travistock Institute [5]. Hendrick claimed, “Good ergonomics is good economics” and defended this point with 25 case studies showing the business value of macroergonomic interventions work [6]. Experience from Industrialized Countries (ICs) and also Industrially Developing Countries (IDCs) shows that consideration of macroergonomics play a significant role in creating the appropriate working environment in which participants are motivated to participate and better utilize company resources for increasing system productivity, reliability and availability [7-14].