Concussion Leading to Parkinsonism and Debilitating Holmes Tremor in a Teenager, Case Report

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are very common, an estimated 1.74 million people sustaining one every year in USA. Mild TBI resulting from blunt force, non-penetrating head traumas frequently occur in contact sports. American football and soccer are the leading sports, where an estimated 20 percent of US high school and 10 percent of US college players sustain brain injuries every season [1]. Of the potential short and long-term sequelae following a TBI, post-traumatic movement disorders are seen in about 10% of patients. Tremor is the most common movement disorder, and can be transient or follow a more persistent course. Diffuse axonal injury seen on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with post-traumatic movement disorders has been postulated to play a role in mild TBI [4].