Violations of transitivity under fitness maximization.
نویسندگان
چکیده
We present a novel demonstration that violations of transitive choice can result from decision strategies that maximize fitness. Our results depend on how the available options, including options not currently chosen, influence a decision-maker's expectations about the future. In particular, they depend on how the presence of an option may act as an insurance against a run of bad luck in the future.
منابع مشابه
An experimental investigation of violations of transitivity in choice under uncertainty
Several models of decision-making imply systematic violations of transitivity of preference. Our experiments explored whether people show patterns of intransitivity predicted by regret theory and majority rule. To distinguish “true” violations from those produced by “error,” a model was fit in which each choice can have a different error rate and each person can have a different pattern of true...
متن کاملTesting transitivity of preferences using linked designs
Three experiments tested if individuals show violations of transitivity in choices between risky gambles in linked designs. The binary gambles varied in the probability to win the higher (better) prize, the value of the higher prize, and the value of the lower prize. Each design varied two factors, with the third fixed. Designs are linked by using the same values in different designs. Linked de...
متن کاملStudying Expectation Violations in Socio-Technical Systems: a Case Study of the Mobile App Community
With information technology mediating most aspects of contemporary societies, it is important to explore how human-oriented concepts may be leveraged to explore human actions in this new dispensation. One such concept is expectation violations. Expectations govern nearly all aspect of human interactions. However, while this phenomenon has been studied in human-human contexts where violations ar...
متن کاملTransitivity in health utility measurement: An experimental analysis
Several experimental studies have observed substantial violations of transitivity for decisions between risky lotteries over monetary outcomes. The goal of our experiment is to test whether these violations also affect the evaluation of health states. A particular feature of our experimental design is that it takes into account the possible role of decision errors for generating violations of t...
متن کاملOrganizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
This study tests between two modern theories of decision making. Rankand sign-dependent utility (RSDU) models, including cumulative prospect theory (CPT), imply stochastic dominance and two cumulative independence conditions. Configural weight models, with parameters estimated in previous research, predict systematic violations of these properties for certain choices. Experimental data systemat...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Biology letters
دوره 3 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007