Spectroscopic properties of the 1.4 μm emission of Tm ions in TeO2-WO3-PbO glasses

In this work, we report the spectroscopic properties of the infrared H4→F4 emission of Tm ions in two different compositions of glasses based on TeO2, WO3, and PbO for three Tm2O3 concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1 wt%). Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters have been determined and used to calculate the radiative transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes. The infrared emission at around 1490 nm corresponding to the H4→F4 transition has two noticeable features if compared to fluoride glasses used for S-band amplifiers. On one hand, it is broader by nearly 30 nm, and on the other, the stimulated emission cross section is twice the value for fluoride glasses. Both the relative intensity ratio of the 1490 nm emission to 1820 nm and the measured lifetime of the H4 level decrease as concentration increases, due to the existence of energy transfer via crossrelaxation among Tm ions. 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