Conspecific Attraction in a Grassland Bird, the Bairdâ•Žs Sparrow
نویسندگان
چکیده
Territorial songbirds generally use song to defend territories and attract mates, but conspecific song may also serve as a cue to attract other male songbirds to a breeding site. Although known to occur in some colonial and forest-associated species, only recently have investigators examined conspecific attraction in grassland species. We used a playback experiment to examine the possible role of conspecific attraction for males searching for potentially suitable breeding habitat in a grassland specialist, the Baird’s Sparrow (Ammodramus bairdii). Experimental playback plots and control plots with similar landscape and vegetation characteristics were established at two sites in North Dakota. Baird’s Sparrows colonized three of six experimental plots and none of six control plots. Males on experimental plots established territories adjacent to the playback stations and were sometimes observed counter-singing with the playback of conspecific songs. Vegetation characteristics were similar on all study plots, and did not explain differences in bird density on our treatment plots. Although we found that playback of conspecific songs attracted male Baird’s Sparrows to previously unoccupied, potentially suitable habitat, further experiments are needed to examine the importance of conspecific attraction relative to other cues that birds may use, such as vegetation features. The conservation and management implications of conspecific attraction are not completely understood, but the presence of conspecifics should be considered as a potential cue in habitat selection by all species of birds. SINOPSIS. Atracción de congéneres en aves de hierbazales Ammodramus bairdii Las aves canoras territoriales generalmente usan su canto para defender sus territorios y atraer parejas prospectivas. Sin embargo, el canto de congéneres también se puede usar como una pista para atraer a otros machos a áreas reproductivas. Aunque se sabe que esto ocurre en algunas especies coloniales y algunas asociadas a bosques, fue recientemente que los investigadores examinaron este tipo de atracción en aves de hierbazales. Experimentamos con grabaciones para examinar el rol de la atracción de congéneres en un área potencialmente adecuada para la reproducción de Ammodramus bairdii, un especialista de hierbazales. Se establecieron lotes experimentales y controles, con caracteŕısticas adecuadas para la especie, en dos localidades de Dakota del Norte. En los experimentales se hizo uso de grabaciones, para atraer a las aves. Los gorriones colonizaron tres de los seis lotes experimentales y ninguno de los controles. Hubo machos que establecieron territorios adyacentes a los lugares en donde se utilizaron las grabaciones. Se observó responder con su canto a las grabaciones a aquellos que llegaron. La vegetación fue similar en cada lote experimental y no se pudo utilizar para explicar diferencias en la densidad de las aves. Aunque encontramos que las grabaciones del canto de congéneres atraen a machos del Gorrión de Baird a lugares no ocupados con hábitat adecuado, se necesitan otros experimentos para examinar la importancia de atracción de congéneres, en relación a otras pistas, que las aves puedan utilizar para colonizar áreas apropiadas para estas. Las implicaciones de conservación y manejo de la atracción de congéneres no se entiende en su totalidad. Pero la presencia de congéneres debe ser considerada como una pista potencial en la selección de habitat por parte de las aves en general.
منابع مشابه
Bird Communities of Res Tored Pr a Iries and Ol D-f Iel D Habitat S in Agricult Ur Al and Urban a Re as of W Inona Coun T Y, Minnesota
2 2 N D N O R T H A M E R IC A N P R A IR IE C O N F E R E N C E | P R A IR IE F L O R A A N D F A U N A Abstract: Native prairie and savanna habitats in southeastern Minnesota have been mostly eliminated by agriculture and urbanization. Resource management agencies and private landowners have idled former agricultural land and planted prairie vegetation or grassland cover on some sites to rest...
متن کاملResearch Needs and Recommendations for the Use of Conspecific- Attraction Methods in the Conservation of Migratory Songbirds
reprintInfo.asp. DOI: 10.1525/cond.2010.090239 Abstract. Numerous studies have confirmed that when selecting habitat birds can use social information acquired from observing other individuals, and many aspects of this social information can be capitalized upon to manage bird populations. The conservation implications of attraction to conspecifics are especially promising for management, and as ...
متن کاملLivestock grazing supports native plants and songbirds in a California annual grassland
Over eight years we measured the effects of plant community composition, vegetation structure, and livestock grazing on occurrence of three grassland bird species-Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta), Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris), and Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum)-at sites in central California during breeding season. In California's Mediterranean-type climatic region, co...
متن کاملGrassland bird response to enhanced vegetation diversity in restoration plantings in the Spring Run Complex of northwestern Iowa
Loss of habitat is one of the primary factors affecting population declines of grassland birds, and recovery efforts have focused on increasing the amount of grassland habitat in the landscape. Assessing the value of habitat restorations for grassland birds is an essential component of grassland bird conservation. We compared grassland bird habitat use, reproductive success, nestling growth rat...
متن کاملGrassland bird responses to land management in the largest remaining tallgrass prairie.
Extensive habitat loss and changing agricultural practices have caused widespread declines in grassland birds throughout North America. The Flint Hills of Kansas and Oklahoma--the largest remaining tallgrass prairie--is important for grassland bird conservation despite supporting a major cattle industry. In 2004 and 2005, we assessed the community, population, and demographic responses of grass...
متن کامل