Interaction Between Lexicon And Image: Linguistic Specifications Of Animation

نویسندگان

  • Maryvonne Abraham
  • Jean-Pierre Desclés
چکیده

Certains textes d'une langue peuvent 6tre considdrds comma des spdcifications linguistiques capables d'engendrer des animations qui simu-lent la comprdhension des taxies d'entr6e. Pour rdafiser un tel programme, il nous sernble indispensable de construire des reprdsentations in-termddiaires compatibles, d'un c6t6 avec les descriptions sdmantiques d'unitds linguistiques, et d'un autre c6td avec des spdcifications d'ani-marion d'images. Comprendre un texte relatif h des mouvements spatiaux revient: i) it reprdsenter sdmantique-ment le texte; ii) it engendrer une animation mettant en jeu des images; caste animation vise it reproduire ce qui eat compris lots de la lecture du texte. Ce programme ambitieux suppose qu'au prdalable chaque verbs sit des reprdsentations qua nous appelons sch6mes sd-mantico-cognitifs (SSC), correspondant aux diffdrentes significations dn verbe. Tout schdma de mouvement associ~ it la signification d'un verbs repr6sente trois types de connaiesances: i) des ddclarations et des relations invariantes pendant le mouvement; ii) la description cind-antique du mouvement qui fait passer d'une phase initiale (Sih) it une phase finale (Sit2); iii) les conditions dynamiques dventuelles qui rendent possibles ou qui contrSlent le mouve-ment cindmatique. Nous reprenons l'approche de R.Schank ou de J.Sowa qui remet en cause une association directe mot-concept pour adopter une d6compo-sltion de la signification des unitds linguistiques en 61dments de Usens" plus petits. Notre formalisms a pour but d'une part, de mieux traiter les probl/~mes de temps, et d'autre part, de fonder notre choix de primitives, dana le cadre d'une th6~rie qui articule its niveaux de reprd-sentation linguistiques et cognitifs. Introduisons quelques distinctions: I-le verbs est une entitd lexicale qui peut ~tre polysdmique, ex: circular. 2-le verbe syntaxique entre dans une construction syntaxique, ex: NI circular prep Nloe. 3-le prddicat logique n-airs est aesocid au verbe syntaxique, ex: CIROULER est l'expression du prddicat lairs CIRCULER1. 4-A un prddicat correspondent un ou plusieurs sens, d6signds par /verbei/, reprdsent~s cha-cun par un SSC. Un SSC est organisd g par-Sir de primitives cognitives; il conduit it une reprdsentation cognitive dAs qu'il est instanci6. 5-l'archdtype cognitif notd/verbe/, s'il exists, sc prdsente alors comae "le sans abstrait" com-mun it tous Its SSC d'une m6me entrde lexicah polys~mique. La construction de l'arch6type repose sur une organisation des SSC en rdseau. Ella utilise une description analogue it cells de J.Picoche. A partir de l'exemple d'un texts fran~ais qui reprdsente des mouvements spatio-temporels, nous donnerons pour quelques verbe du texte lea SSC et les animations correspondantes. L'ani-mation complete ddclenchde par la comprehension de texts ndcessite …

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تاریخ انتشار 1992