Generic Characterization of Equilibrium Speed-Flow Relationships
نویسنده
چکیده
By introducing the speed-elasticity of flow, this paper provides a generic characterization for equilibrium speed-flow curves that satisfy the fundamental identity of the traffic flow. With this new characterization, we have integrated several well-known speed-flow models, including the classic Greenshield-type and Underwood-type models, and the most recent specifications for highways from Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000. Using the generic characterization, two new classes of two-parameter speed-flow models are generated: the car-following models that extend the Greenshields-type model and an extension of HCM models that possess the backward-bending property. A unifying characterization for multi-regime speed-flow models is also given. The paper concludes with a discussion that connects the generic characterization of a speed-flow curve to the theory of congestion pricing by establishing a simple relationship between the toll estimation and the speed-elasticity function.
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