Recent Changes in the Upland Watershed Forest of Monasavu, a Cloud Forest Site along the PABITRA Gateway Transect on Viti Levu, Fiji

The Monasavu catchment was selected as an additional study site for biodiversity assessment at the top of the PABITRA wet-zone landscape transect on Viti Levu. The site consists of upland rain forest with cloud forest and a freshwater lake. The lake was constructed to supply hydroelectric power. The biota of the area has been little studied, but initial surveys indicate that many endemic species are present. Construction of the hydroelectric dam has led to some conflicts between the Fiji Electric Company and local landowners around Monasavu. Nevertheless, the unique cloud-forest habitat and the desire of the landowners to sustainably utilize their resources and protect wildlife makes Monasavu an important addition to the PABITRA Gateway Transect. The Monasavu water catchment was included as an additional focal site in the PABITRA Gateway Transect during the Joint Analysis Workshop held in Fiji from 18 November to 3 December 2002. The area is a major water catchment for the Waimimala River and Monasavu Dam. Its forest area thus became Protection Forest under the Forestry Act of the Fiji Republic. Major hydroelectric development has taken place in this upland and montane forest ecosystem. This is an example of habitat fragmentation brought about by resource development vital for the national economy. It is this aspect of protection management that makes Monasavu an exciting research site. In this paper I (1) provide a brief overview of the location and geophysical background of the site; (2) highlight results of past biological studies carried out in the area; (3) provide an overview of major infrastructural development carried out in the area; (4) discuss the current environmental status and socioeconomic situation in the area; and (5) highlight reasons for the selection of the site as an additional focal site along the Viti Levu PABITRA Gateway Transect.