Hemifacial microsomia and treatment options for auricular replacement: A review of the literature.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although surgical reconstruction is the treatment of choice for auricular deformities that result from hemifacial microsomia, the implant-retained auricular prosthesis must be considered when surgical reconstruction is not possible. The competent and successful practitioner should be knowledgeable of the nature of this congenital disease. PURPOSE This article reviewed the first and second branchial syndrome, treatment approaches, and potential advances in surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation for patients with hemifacial microsomia. CONCLUSION Advantages and disadvantages of autogenous and alloplastic ear reconstructions are discussed. New research initiatives, such as tissue engineering and fabrication of auricular prosthesis by CAD/CAM, offer the potential for improved treatment for the future treatment of hemifacial microsomia.