Microscopic Simulation of Pedestrian Traffic

Œere has recently been a renewed interest in planning for pedestrian trac, primarily in connection to public transport interchange stations, since these are important for public transport to constitute an aŠractive alternative to car usage. Œis thesis concerns microscopic simulation of pedestrian trac, which is a promising tool for analyzing and predicting the trac situation in a given pedestrian facility; particularly powerful when the trac is congested. Important applications of microscopic simulation include comparison of possible infrastructure designs such as proposed interchange stations, and evaluations of various trac management solutions, for example information systems. Œe purpose of this thesis is to advance the capabilities of pedestrian microsimulation toward a level at which it can be reliably applied for quantitative analysis by practitioners in the €eld. Œe work is based on an established microscopic model of pedestrian dynamics, the Social Force Model (sfm), and the advances are made in a number of di‚erent areas. To be able to evaluate and compare simulated trac situations suitable performance measures are needed. A set of local performance measures are proposed that quanti€es the local delay rate density and estimates the discomfort perceived by the pedestrians. Œe sfm is extended to include waiting pedestrians through the introduction of a waiting model, demonstrated to be stable and free from oscillations. Œe inclusion of waiting pedestrians in the model is critical for accurate modelling of public transport interchange stations, where