Herlihy et al.: Distribution of Cotesia rubecula and Displacement of C. glomerata 461 DISTRIBUTION OF COTESIA RUBECULA (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) AND ITS DISPLACEMENT OF COTESIA GLOMERATA IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA

A survey was conducted from May to Oct of 2011 of the parasitoid community of the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), in cole crops in part of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. The findings of our survey indicate that Cotesia rubecula (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) now occurs as far west as North Dakota and has become the dominant parasitoid of P. rapae in the northeastern and north central United States and adjacent parts of southeastern Canada, where it has displaced the previously common parasitoid Cotesia glomerata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Cotesia glomerata remains the dominant parasitoid in the mid-Atlantic states, from Virginia to North Carolina and westward to southern Illinois, below latitude N 38° 48’. This pattern suggests that the released populations of C. rubecula presently have a lower latitudinal limit south of which they are not adapted.