Dmso Induced Product Recovery of Bacoside a in Cell Suspension Culture of Bacopa Monnieri Linn

Bacopa monnieri Linn. is an important medicinal plant belonging to family scrophulariaceae. Bacopa is a neurotonic, immuno-modulator, tranquilizing, memory and learning enhancing, cerebral activator, anti-ulcer, antispasmodic, anti-asthmatic. It is also used in Epilepsy, anxiety and depression. Major component of Bacopa are saponins Bacoside A and Bacoside B. The cell suspension culture of Bacopa monnieri was treated with 0.2%, 0.6% and 1% concentrations of DMSO (Dimethyl sulphoxide), a cell permeabilizing agent for 3 and 6 hours. The samples were analyzed for the content of bacoside A using HPTLC technique to identify and quantify the amount of released product. Maximum release of bioactive compound, Bacoside A was observed (4.6±0.02μg/mg) in suspension culture treated with 1% DMSO for 3 and 6 hrs treatment durations compared to control (2.1±0.05 and 3.2±0.01, respectively). INTRODUCTION: Natural products have been used in the treatment of various human ailments. The most important and oldest treaties of Indian medicine system (i.e., Ayurveda) are Charak Samhita (1000 B.C) and Sushruta Samhita that describes the use of more than 500-700 medicinal herbs. Today plants have contributed more than 7000 different compounds which are useful as heart drugs, laxatives, anti-cancer agents, hormones, anti-parasitic compounds etc. Worldwide extensive screening programs are being carried out to identify chemical compounds from plants that may provide new treatments for various human diseases. In recent years a lot of attention has been devoted to novel molecules derived from natural sources that exhibit a good range of clinical and pharmacological activities. A plant system, Bacopa monnieri Linn. is used in ethnomedicinal and modern medicinal formulations. This plant is commonly known as Brahmi. Bacopa monnieri has been used as anti-depressant, antianxiety, memory enhancer, diuretic, cardio-tonic, in ayurvedic system of medicine. Leaf extracts exhibits the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities . The plant contains two saponins, bacoside A and B. In addition to the bacosides, Bacopa contains a wide variety of medically active substances, including stigmasterol, sapogenins, and flavonoids . Other compounds include triterpenoid saponins. Bacopa also contains D-mannitol, betulic acid, beta-sitosterol, octacosane, nicotine, and amino acids such as alphaalanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and serine. The qualitative and quantitative improvement of biologically active compounds by in-vitro techniques has been achieved most successfully and promisingly in many medicinal plants. Large-scale production of active component from the cell culture, enhancement in the production of secondary metabolites by using chemical and biological elicitors and increasing