The application of amplified TSPY and amelogenin genes from maternal plasma as a non-invasive bovine fetal DNA diagnosis

Invasive methods for prenatal diagnosis include chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis that entail the risk of fetal loss and mortality. During pregnancy, fetal cells including fetal DNA crossed the placenta and within maternal peripheral blood those valuable sources of the sex and genetics information fetuses. It is demonstrated fetal DNA in plasma and serum from healthy pregnant women (Lo et al. 1997). Recent studies have showed that fetal DNA in maternal plasma has mean of 3.4% and 6.2% of the total DNA of early and late gestation, respectively (Lo et al. 1998b) and cleared at an extremely rapid rate following birth (Lo et al. 1999). Fetal sex determination is now possible at 8th w of pregnancy, by testing of maternal blood sample. The great sensitivity of PCR technique, allows detecting small amounts of fetal DNA that present in maternal plasma. This test is based on the identification of specific regions of X and Y chromosome