Late Mesozoic extensional tectonics in the North China block: a crustal response to subcontinental mantle removal?

نویسندگان

  • WEI LIN
  • QINGCHEN WANG
چکیده

– In the North China block, Cretaceous extensional tectonics is expressed by numerous syntectonic plutons bounded by ductile normal faults and several metamorphic core complexes (MCC). Cretaceous half-grabens filled by continental terrigenous deposits are widespread. The examples of MCC from South Liaoning Peninsula, Yiwulüshan, Hohhot as well as the Yunmengshan syntectonic pluton spread along ca 2000 km suggest that the early Cretaceous extensional tectonics in the North China block is globally symmetric. The geodynamics setting of this continental-scale extension remains disputed. It is not satisfactorily explained by back-arc rifting related to the Paleo-Pacific subduction or crustal “unthickening”. Mantle lithosphere removal is, however, considered. Upwelling of asthenosphere may be the origin of heat advection and fluid transfer from mantle to lower crust, thus triggerring the Cretaceous magmatism, crustal softening and diffuse continental stretching. Several possible lithosphere-scale models, such as convective removal of mantle lithosphere and detachment of a large piece of mantle, are discussed. La tectonique extensive fini-mesozoïque du bloc de Chine du Nord : une réponse crustale à l’enlèvement du manteau sous-continental ? Mots clés. – Extension continental, Plutons synkinématic, Métamorphic core complex, Demi-grabens, Délamination lithosphérique, Crétacé, Bloc Chine du Nord. Résumé. – Dans le bloc de Chine du Nord, la tectonique extensive se caractérise par de nombreux plutons syntectoniques bordés par des failles normales ductiles et plusieurs dômes extensifs (« metamorphic core complex »). Des demi-grabens intracontinentaux sont aussi très répandus. Les exemples des dômes situés au sud de Liaoning, Yiwulüshan, Hohhot et du pluton syntectonique de Yunmengshan distribués sur une distance de 2000 km suggèrent que l’extension d’âge crétacé en Chine du Nord est globalement symétrique. Le contexte géodynamique de l’extension demeure controversé. Elle n’est pas expliquée de façon satisfaisante par le rifting d’arrière-arc lié à la subduction d’une plaque Paléo Pacifique, ou le « desépaississement crustal post-orogénique ». Les processus d’ablation de manteau lithosphérique sont considérés. La remontée d’asthénosphère peut être à l’origine d’advection de chaleur et de transferts de fluides depuis le manteau vers la croûte inférieure et ainsi déclencher le magmatisme crétacé, l’amollissement de la croûte et l’étirement diffus de la croûte continentale. Plusieurs modèles comme l’ablation convective du manteau lithosphérique et le détachement de grands panneaux de manteau sont discutés.

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تاریخ انتشار 2006