Embodied cognitive neuroscience and its consequences for psychiatry
نویسنده
چکیده
Recent years have seen the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field called embodied or enactive cognitive science. Whereas traditional representationalism rests on a fixed inside–outside distinction, the embodied cognition perspective views mind and brain as a biological system that is rooted in body experience and interaction with other individuals. Embodiment refers to both the embedding of cognitive processes in brain circuitry and to the origin of these processes in an organism’s sensory–motor experience. Thus, action and perception are no longer interpreted in terms of the classic physical–mental dichotomy, but rather as closely interlinked. This paper describes the cycles of brain–organism interaction, of sensory–motor interaction with the environment and of embodied interaction with others. The brain is then interpreted as an organ of modulation and transformation that mediates the cycles of organism–environment interaction. Finally, consequences of the embodied and enactive approach for psychiatry are pointed out, in particular for a circular concept of mental illness. Zusammenfassung Im letzten Jahrzehnt hat sich die ‘‘embodied’’ oder ,,enactive cognitive science’’ als ein neues, interdisziplinäres Forschungsgebiet etabliert. Während der herkömmliche Repräsentationalismus auf einer grundsätzlichen InnenAußen-Unterscheidung beruht, betrachtet der Ansatz der ,,embodied cognition’’ Geist und Gehirn als ein biologisches System, das in der körperlichen Erfahrung und Interaktion mit anderen Individuen begründet ist. Der Begriff der Verkörperung bezieht sich dabei sowohl auf die Einbettung kognitiver Prozesse in neuronale Netzwerke also auch auf den Ursprung dieser Prozesse in der sensomotorischen Erfahrung eines lebendigen Organismus. Handeln und Wahrnehmen werden nicht mehr im Rahmen der klassischen Trennung von Mentalem und Physischem, T. Fuchs (&) Klinik für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voß-Str 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 123 Poiesis Prax DOI 10.1007/s10202-008-0068-9
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Poiesis & Praxis
دوره 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2009