Comparative statics of altruism and spite
نویسنده
چکیده
The equilibrium outcome of a strategic interaction between two or more players may depend on the weight they place on each other’s payoff. A positive, negative or zero weight represents altruism, spite or complete selfishness, respectively. Paradoxically, the real, material payoff in equilibrium for a group of altruists may be lower than for selfish or spiteful groups. However, this can only be so if the equilibria involved are unstable. If they are stable, the total (equivalently, average) payoff can only increase or remain unchanged with an increasing degree of altruism. JEL Classification: C62, C72, D64.
منابع مشابه
Revise and Resubmit, Economic Inquiry Theories of Commitment, Altruism and Reciprocity: Evidence from Linear Public Goods Games
Theories of commitment, altruism and reciprocity have all been invoked to explain and describe behavior in public goods and social dilemma situations. Commitment theories have been used to explain behaviors like water conservation and voting. Theories of altruism are applied to explain contributions to charities and intergenerational transfers and bequests. Theories of reciprocity have been inv...
متن کاملComparative statics of games between relatives.
According to Hamilton's theory of kin selection, species tend to evolve behavior such that each organism appears to be attempting to maximize its inclusive fitness. In particular, two neighbors are likely to help each other if the cost of doing so is less than the benefit multiplied by r, their coefficient of relatedness. Since the latter is less than unity, mutual altruism benefits both neighb...
متن کاملAltruism, spite, and greenbeards.
Hamilton's theory of inclusive fitness showed how natural selection could lead to behaviors that decrease the relative fitness of the actor and also either benefit (altruism) or harm (spite) other individuals. However, several fundamental issues in the evolution of altruism and spite have remained contentious. Here, we show how recent work has resolved three key debates, helping clarify how Ham...
متن کاملStrategy intervention for the evolution of fairness
Masses of experiments have shown individual preference for fairness which seems irrational. The reason behind it remains a focus for research. The effect of spite (individuals are only concerned with their own relative standing) on the evolution of fairness has attracted increasing attention from experiments, but only has been implicitly studied in one evolutionary model. The model did not invo...
متن کاملAn Introduction to Monotone Comparative Statics
1. Overview Comparative statics (called sensitivity analysis in engineering fields) means characterizing how the endogenous outcomes of a model change with its exogenous parameters. The " statics " in the name is because one is simply comparing two versions of the model, for two different values of exogenous parameters, rather than tracing out a dynamic process of change. One can do comparative...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Games and Economic Behavior
دوره 75 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012