Effects of initial (larval) size and host body temperature on growth in trematodes
نویسندگان
چکیده
For ectotherms, temperature is an important correlate of variation in body size within species. Variation in body size among related species could also be attributable in part to temperature if the different species grow under different thermal regimes. The roles of both initial (larval) size and host body temperature on final (adult) size of parasitic trematodes were investigated in a comparative analysis. Trematodes are a good model group for such a study, with almost half of known species growing at high and constant temperatures in endothermic vertebrates and the rest at lower and fluctuating temperatures in ectothermic vertebrates. The relative growth of trematodes, i.e., their growth relative to the size of their larvae, varied greatly among species. Increases in body size from the cercarial larval stage to the adult stage averaged almost 40-fold (maximum 1300-fold), whereas increases in size from the metacercarial stage to the adult stage averaged 6-fold (maximum 110-fold). There were no differences between trematodes in ectothermic hosts and trematodes in endothermic hosts with respect to these measures of relative growth, however, which suggests that host type and the thermal regime provided by the host have no effect on the growth of trematodes from larval to adult stages. In contrast, the final (adult) body size of trematodes appears to be determined to some extent by their initial (larval) size, independently of the type of host in which they developed. Résumé : Chez les ectothermes, la température est en corrélation avec les différences de taille chez une espèce. La variation de la taille du corps chez des espèces apparentées peut aussi être attribuable en partie à la température, si les différentes espèces font leur croissance à des régimes thermiques différents. Le rôle que jouent la taille initiale (larvaire) et la température de l’hôte dans le réglage de la taille définitive (adulte) du corps des trématodes parasites a été examiné au moyen d’une analyse comparative. Les trématodes constituent un bon groupe modèle pour ce genre d’étude puisque près de la moitié des espèces connues font leur croissance à des températures élevées et constantes chez des vertébrés endothermes et les autres espèces croissent à des températures fluctuantes plus basses chez des vertébrés ectothermes. La croissance relative des trématodes, i.e. leur croissance par rapport à la taille de leurs larves, varie beaucoup d’une espèce à l’autre. De la larve cercaire jusqu’au stade adulte, l’animal augmente sa taille d’un facteur de 40 en moyenne (maximum 1300), alors que de la larve métacercaire à l’adulte, la croissance se fait selon un facteur de 6 en moyenne (maximum 110). Il n’y a pas de différence entre les trématodes parasites de vertébrés ectothermes et les trématodes parasites des vertébrés endothermes quant aux mesures de la croissance relative, ce qui laisse croire que le type d’hôte et le régime thermique de l’hôte n’influencent pas la croissance des trématodes du stade larvaire au stade adulte. En revanche, la taille définitive des trématodes (adultes) semble dépendre, jusqu’à un certain point, de la taille initiale des larves, indépendamment du type d’hôte chez lequel se fait leur développement. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Poulin and Latham 581
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