Physical exercise prevents cellular senescence in circulating leukocytes and in the vessel wall.
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND The underlying molecular mechanisms of the vasculoprotective effects of physical exercise are incompletely understood. Telomere erosion is a central component of aging, and telomere-associated proteins regulate cellular senescence and survival. This study examines the effects of exercising on vascular telomere biology and endothelial apoptosis in mice and the effects of long-term endurance training on telomere biology in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS C57/Bl6 mice were randomized to voluntary running or no running wheel conditions for 3 weeks. Exercise upregulated telomerase activity in the thoracic aorta and in circulating mononuclear cells compared with sedentary controls, increased vascular expression of telomere repeat-binding factor 2 and Ku70, and reduced the expression of vascular apoptosis regulators such as cell-cycle-checkpoint kinase 2, p16, and p53. Mice preconditioned by voluntary running exhibited a marked reduction in lipopolysaccharide-induced aortic endothelial apoptosis. Transgenic mouse studies showed that endothelial nitric oxide synthase and telomerase reverse transcriptase synergize to confer endothelial stress resistance after physical activity. To test the significance of these data in humans, telomere biology in circulating leukocytes of young and middle-aged track and field athletes was analyzed. Peripheral blood leukocytes isolated from endurance athletes showed increased telomerase activity, expression of telomere-stabilizing proteins, and downregulation of cell-cycle inhibitors compared with untrained individuals. Long-term endurance training was associated with reduced leukocyte telomere erosion compared with untrained controls. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity regulates telomere-stabilizing proteins in mice and in humans and thereby protects from stress-induced vascular apoptosis.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on the Expression of Senescence Proteins P53 and P16 in Pancreatic Tissue of Diabetic Mice
Background: Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with an increase in cellular damage due to oxidative stress and increases insulin resistance and also increases in p53 and p16 beta cells, leading to the induction of senescence in pancreatic insulin-secreting cells. The aim of this study was the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on the expression of senescence proteins P53 and P16 in the ...
متن کاملExercise Prevents Diet-Induced Cellular Senescence in Adipose Tissue
Considerable evidence implicates cellular senescence in the biology of aging and chronic disease. Diet and exercise are determinants of healthy aging; however, the extent to which they affect the behavior and accretion of senescent cells within distinct tissues is not clear. Here we tested the hypothesis that exercise prevents premature senescent cell accumulation and systemic metabolic dysfunc...
متن کاملThe Effects of a Session of Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise on Leukocytes, And Hormonal Responses in Young Women
Background. Exercises with different intensities can cause changes in immune system factors and hormonal acute response. These changes may exceed the permissible limitations and weaken the system. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of an intensity aerobic and anaerobic training session on acute hormonal response and immune system factors. Methods. A total of...
متن کاملImpact of Blood Vessel Wall Flexibility on the Temperature and Concentration Dispersion
The analysis of solute and thermal dispersion in pulsatile flow through the stenotic tapered blood vessel is presented. The present problem is an extension of the work done by Ramana et al. who considered the time-invariant arterial wall. In the present model, the flexible nature of the arterial wall through the obstruction (called stenosis) is considered and it is achieved with the he...
متن کاملSEQUESTRATION OF LEUKOCYTES BY THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT LUNG
The sequestration of rat leukocytes and bone marrow cells by the lung vasculature was studied using an isolated perfused rat lung preparation. The passage of latex particles of 7.6 µm in diameter and non-hematopoietic cells through the lung blood vessels was also studied. Leukocytes and bone marrow cells were reversibly sequestered from circulation, whereas, latex particles and non-hematop...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Circulation
دوره 120 24 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2009