PCDD/DF in leachates from Korean MSW landfills.

We analyzed levels of PCDD/DF in leachate liquid and solid from five Korean municipal solid waste landfills to investigate the relationship between PCDD/DF and dissolved organic carbon and suspended solids in raw leachate. The concentrations of PCDD/DF ranged from 173.2 to 1329.4 pg/l and 4.1 to 46.22 pg-TEQ/l. The range of PCDD/DF was 123.2-1161.3 pg/l in leachate solid and 50.0-383.3 pg/l in leachate liquid. Our results indicated that PCDD/DF in solid play a major role in determining their concentration levels, and the distribution of isomers in solid was almost the same as in liquid leachate. In addition, highly chlorinated PCDD/DF, such as HpCDD/DF and OCDD/DF, accounted for more than 70% of all isomers. Levels of PCDD/DF in liquid were strongly correlated with dissolved organic carbon concentrations, which increase the leachability (R2 = 0.92 in Korean leachate) of PCDD/DF from contaminant sources. Despite this high linearity between dissolved organic carbon and dissolved PCDD/DF, we observed no strong relationship between dissolved organic carbon and solid phase PCDD/DF (R2 = 0.001). Dissolved organic carbon scarcely affects dissolved PCDD/DF to be combined with solids. As a result, it is not appropriate for incinerated ash to be dumped with municipal solid wastes, as they have a large potential to result in high levels of organic matter, and therefore PCDD/DF, in leachate.