A Fundamental Study on Digital Video Watermarking for Two-Dimensional Barcodes Displayed on Mobile Phone Screens
نویسندگان
چکیده
Two-dimensional barcodes (2D codes) have become common as an authentification way of e-tickets and e-coupons. However, easy replication by using other mobile phone camera is apprehended. This paper proposes a method for detecting copied 2D code by a semi-fragile digital video watermark which can be destroyed by replication. Compared to digital image watermarking, it is more difficult to copy 2D code in which the time-varying watermark is embedded without destroying the watermark. Keywords-semi-fragile watermark; digital video watermark; two-dimensional barcode; discrete cosine transform;
منابع مشابه
Two Novel Chaos-Based Algorithms for Image and Video Watermarking
In this paper we introduce two innovative image and video watermarking algorithms. The paper’s main emphasis is on the use of chaotic maps to boost the algorithms’ security and resistance against attacks. By encrypting the watermark information in a one dimensional chaotic map, we make the extraction of watermark for potential attackers very hard. In another approach, we select embedding po...
متن کاملUnsynchronized 4D Barcodes Coding and Decoding Time-Multiplexed 2D Colorcodes
We present a novel technique for optical data transfer between public displays and mobile devices based on unsynchronized 4D barcodes. We assume that no direct (electromagnetic or other) connection between the devices can exist. Time-multiplexed, 2D color barcodes are displayed on screens and recorded with camera equipped mobile phones. This allows to transmit information optically between both...
متن کاملمقایسۀ تأثیر مداخلهای بازیهای ویدیویی سه بعدی و دو بعدی بر خلاقیت و مهارتهای اجتماعی دانشجویان پسر
In recent years, there has been an increase in the playing of digital games in children, adolescents and adults worldwide. Not only has interest in digital games grown dramatically, but variations in the types of games in different fields have also occurred. An example is the emergence of three- and two-dimensional games. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of...
متن کاملThe Measurement of Low Frequency Magnetic Field of Two Kinds of GSM900 Mobile Phone
Introduction: The use of mobile communication systems has dramatically increased over the past decade. Although many studies have been performed to determine the effect of radio frequency (RF) but less attention has been paid to the possible biological impact of exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) components. The objective of this study is two folds. One is to design the ...
متن کاملWomen with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, both in the developed and developing countries. Women with mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Recent studies show that short-wavelength visible light disturb the secretion of melatonin and causes circadian rhythm disruption. We have previously studied the health effects of exposure...
متن کامل