Capnography in Dogs
نویسنده
چکیده
CE Email comments/questions to [email protected], fax 800-556-3288, or log on to www.VetLearn.com Carbon dioxide (CO2) is linked to a patient’s perfusion, ventilation, and metabolism. Endtidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is the measurement of CO2 in exhaled respiratory gases and serves as an estimate of arterial CO2. ETCO2 is measured by a capnograph in a mainstream or sidestream method. A normal capnogram has four phases: phase 0, the inspiratory downstroke; phase I, the expiratory baseline; phase II, the expiratory upstroke; and phase III, the expiratory plateau. Complete evaluation of a capnogram includes determining the shape and value of the four phases and measuring the alveolar to end-tidal CO2 gradient. Thorough evaluation gives a clinician information about a patient’s state of perfusion, ventilation, and metabolism as well as equipment malfunction. Further veterinary studies are needed to determine the role of capnography in monitoring anesthetized patients, assessing response to treatment, diagnosing disease, and deter-
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