Transpinal Constant Current Long - Lasting Stimulation : A New Method to 1 Induce Cortical and Corticospinal Plasticity

3 4 Maria Knikou 1, , Luke Dixon , Danielle Santora , and Mohamed M. Ibrahim 2 5 6 7 The Graduate Center and Department of Physical Therapy, City University of New York, NY 8 10016 9 10 11 *Correspondence to: 12 Maria Knikou, PhD 13 Graduate Center / City University of New York 14 2800 Victory Boulevard, 5N-207 15 Staten Island, NY 10314 16 Phone: 718-982-3316 17 Fax: 718-982-2984 18 E-mail: [email protected] 19 20 21 Running title: Transpinal Stimulation and Corticospinal Plasticity 22 23 Number of Pages: 38 24 Number of Figures: 8 25 Number of Tables: 1 26 27 Number of words for Abstract: 246 28 Number of words for Introduction: 588 29 Number of words for Discussion (all sections): 2,214 30 31 GRANTS 32 This study was supported by the New York State Department of Health, Spinal Cord Injury 33 Research Board, Wadsworth Center (Contract No. C030173 to M. Knikou). 34 35 DISCLOSURES 36 No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s). 37 38 AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS 39 MK: conception and design of research; MK, LD, DS, MMI: performed experiments; MK, LD, 40 DS, MMI: data reduction; MK: statistical data analysis; MK: prepared figures; MK: interpreted 41 results of experiments; MK: contributed regents/software/analytical tools; MK: wrote 42 manuscript. 43 44 Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (June 24, 2015). doi:10.1152/jn.00449.2015