Pacing System Malfunction: Evaluation and Troubleshooting
نویسنده
چکیده
Currently, most of the time spent caring for the patients with permanent pacemaker will be concerned with evaluating the function of the previously implanted pacing system. Pacing system malfunction can be secondary to pacemaker circuitry failure or to lead dysfunction. Various tools are available to help evaluation of the pacing system malfunction, including physical examination, standard 12-lead ECG, ambulatory ECG monitoring, stored telemetry data, chest x-ray, and fluoroscopy. This chapter will discuss the differential diagnosis, evaluation, and management of the common malfunctions encountered in the single-chamber, dual-chamber, and biventricular pacing system.
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