Effects of choline, TMA, and TMAO on the expression of flavin-containing monooxygenases 3 and 5 in mice
نویسندگان
چکیده
A. Mohammadi, M. R. Baneshi 3 , T. Khalili 1,* Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Physiology Research center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
منابع مشابه
Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation.
Circulating trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels are strongly associated with atherosclerosis. We now examine genetic, dietary, and hormonal factors regulating TMAO levels. We demonstrate that two flavin mono-oxygenase family members, FMO1 and FMO3, oxidize trimethylamine (TMA), derived from gut flora metabolism of choline, to TMAO. Further, we show that FMO3 exhibits 10-fold higher specific ac...
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The objectives of the study were to determine the contribution, in mice, of members of the flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) family to the production of trimethylamine (TMA) N-oxide (TMAO), a potential proatherogenic molecule, and whether under normal dietary conditions differences in TMAO production were associated with changes in plasma cholesterol concentration or with an index of athero...
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At present, the guideline approach to the medical treatment and prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is to classify patients by risk and treat the known risk factors (contributory causes), e.g., hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and poor diet, as appropriate. All high-risk patients should receive statins. This approach has had substantial success but ASCVD still ...
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Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) is known primarily as an enzyme involved in the metabolism of therapeutic drugs. On a daily basis, however, we are exposed to one of the most abundant substrates of the enzyme trimethylamine (TMA), which is released from various dietary components by the action of gut bacteria. FMO3 converts the odorous TMA to nonodorous TMA N-oxide (TMAO), which is excr...
متن کاملTMAO is both a biomarker and a renal toxin.
1 made the seminal discovery that 3 metabolites of dietary phosphatidylcholine (choline, trimethylamine N-oxide [TMAO] and betaine) predicted risk for cardiovascular disease in an independent large clinical cohort. They also demonstrated that supplementing the diet with choline or TMAO promoted atherosclerosis in a mouse model. 1 The gut flora was shown to be required for the production of TMAO...
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