Topic 3: Mutation (mostly) and recombination
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چکیده
MUTATIONS are changes to hereditary material (DNA or RNA) that arise either by an error in replication, or an error in a repair process. In molecular evolution (and population genetics) we are interested in the mechanisms of mutation as it is the ultimate source of novel genetic variation. The scale of the change in DNA or RNA is hugely variable, it can be at an individual nucleotide, at the level of an entire gene, part of a chromosome, or doubling of the entire genome; we call all of these events mutations.
منابع مشابه
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Morphological Traits of Three Varieties of Sesame Crop in M1 Generation (Sesamum Indicum L.)
The main objective for plant breeding is to increase genetic diversity. Mutation induction is a method to increase genetic diversity associated with selection, recombination, or a combination of these approaches in plant breeding. The present research was aimed to compare efficacy of different doses of Gamma rays (150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 Gy and zero dose control) on the sesame morphological ...
متن کاملStationary-phase mutation in the bacterial chromosome: recombination protein and DNA polymerase IV dependence.
Several microbial systems have been shown to yield advantageous mutations in slowly growing or nongrowing cultures. In one assay system, the stationary-phase mutation mechanism differs from growth-dependent mutation, demonstrating that the two are different processes. This system assays reversion of a lac frameshift allele on an F' plasmid in Escherichia coli. The stationary-phase mutation mech...
متن کاملUvrA and UvrB suppress illegitimate recombination: synergistic action with RecQ helicase.
Illegitimate recombination is a major cause of genetic instability in prokaryotes as well as in eukaryotes. This recombination usually occurs at a low frequency, but it is greatly enhanced by UV irradiation or other environmental stresses. DNA damages produced by these environmental stresses are thought to induce DNA double-strand breaks, leading to illegitimate recombination. In this paper we ...
متن کاملRecombination and spontaneous mutation at the major cluster of resistance genes in lettuce (Lactuca sativa).
Two sets of overlapping experiments were conducted to examine recombination and spontaneous mutation events within clusters of resistance genes in lettuce. Multiple generations were screened for recombinants using PCR-based markers flanking Dm3. The Dm3 region is not highly recombinagenic, exhibiting a recombination frequency 18-fold lower than the genome average. Recombinants were identified o...
متن کاملExtensive interallelic polymorphisms drive meiotic recombination into a crossover pathway.
Recombinants isolated from most meiotic intragenic recombination experiments in maize, but not in yeast, are borne principally on crossover chromosomes. This excess of crossovers is not explained readily by the canonical double-strand break repair model of recombination, proposed to account for a large body of yeast data, which predicts that crossovers (COs) and noncrossovers (NCOs) should be r...
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تاریخ انتشار 2005