The anammox process for nitrogen removal from wastewater – achievements and future challenges

نویسندگان

  • Bjarne Paulsrud
  • Beata Szatkowska
چکیده

Anaerob ammonium oksidasjon (Anammox) for fjerning av nitrogen fra ulike avløpsstrømmer er en relativt ny prosess som er blitt utviklet i løpet av de siste ca 20 år. Det gjenstår imidlertid mange uavklarte spørsmål og tilhørende FoU-oppgaver knyttet bl.a. til Anammox-bakterienes metabolisme og hvordan disse bakteriene kan utnyttes på best mulig måte i fullskala renseanlegg for fjerning av nitrogen. Dette gjelder ikke minst hvordan prosessen kan utvikles til å fjerne nitrogen fra vanlig kommunalt avløpsvann, og ikke bare fra «sidestrømmer» med høyt ammoniuminnhold og høy temperatur. Sammenlignet med konvensjonelle metoder for fjerning av nitrogen fra kommunalt avløpsvann (nitrifikasjon/denitrifikasjon) er Anammox-prosessen svært energibesparende, og det er ingen behov for en karbonkilde, slik denitrifikasjonsprosessen krever. Dette vil gi muligheter for å ta ut så mye som mulig av det organiske materialet i avløpsvannet som primærslam og produsere fornybar energi av dette i form av biogass. Dersom man lykkes med å implementere Anammox-prosessen for fjerning av nitrogen fra kommunalt avløpsvann, vil dette innebære en kraftig økning av bærekraften til avløpsrenseanlegg, og det er ikke lenger utopisk å se på avløpsrenseanlegg som en netto energiprodusent. Summary Although the study of the Anammox process has been ongoing for about 20 years and knowledge about Anammox bacteria has significantly increased, there are still many questions regarding bacte ria behaviour and process performance involving these bacteria. Therefore, Anammox bacteria still require further research. Conventional wastewater nitrogen removal systems require a lot of energy for nitrification, and often an external organic carbon source for denitrification. The application of the Anammox process (which significantly reduces the need for energy and does not need organic matter to convert nitrogen to gas) in the main stream of a wastewater treatment plant would be a great alternative to save energy costs for aeration. Moreover, the organic matter present in wastewater could be regarded as a source of additional energy. Such a sustainable approach is now intensely studied around the world. Its implementation seems to be a revolution in the field of sustainable wastewater treatment. This brings a vision that soon the pollutants in the wastewater will no longer be seen as a problem, but as a source of renewable energy.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Anammox enrichment and constructed wetland inoculation for improvement of wastewater treatment performance

This study contributes to the improvement of low-cost biotechnology for wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands (CWs). Constructed wetlands are energy efficient engineered systems that mimic the treatment processes of natural wetlands, removing polluting organic matter, nutrients, and pathogens from water. The aim of this study was to investigate the advisability of the inoculation of hori...

متن کامل

Biological Nitrogen Removal Using Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation (Anammox) is an efficient microbiological process for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater. Although several Anammox reactors have been operated successfully in European water pollution control plants, there are challenges associated with the process which must be addressed to ensure dependable performance when treating high strength wastestreams in New Y...

متن کامل

The Zeolite-Anammox Treatment Process for Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater—A Review

Water quality in San Francisco Bay has been adversely affected by nitrogen loading from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging around the periphery of the Bay. While there is documented use of zeolites and anammox bacteria in removing ammonia and possibly nitrate during wastewater treatment, there is little information available about the combined process. Though relatively large, zeol...

متن کامل

Nitrogen removal by a nitritation-anammox bioreactor at low temperature.

Currently, nitritation-anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bioreactors are designed to treat wastewaters with high ammonium concentrations at mesophilic temperatures (25 to 40°C). The implementation of this technology at ambient temperatures for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater following carbon removal may lead to more-sustainable technology with energy and cost savings. However, t...

متن کامل

Hot topics and application trends of the anammox biotechnology: a review by bibliometric analysis

Anammox has been extensively identified as a novel and sustained biotechnology for wastewater treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the hot topics and application trends of anammox biotechnology by bibliometric analysis. The results show that "Water science and technology" and "Environmental science ecology" are the prevalent journal and category in this field. Many researches about "...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2014